نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 پژوهشگر دکتری، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه علوم اسلامی رضوی، مشهد، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).
2 استاد تمام، گروه حقوق خصوصی, دانشکده حقوق ,دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران.
3 استادیار، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The expanding use of biotechnology in medical treatments, including gene therapy, genome editing, and cell-based therapies, has created new opportunities for disease treatment while simultaneously raising significant challenges regarding the elements of civil liability. The distinctive characteristics of these technologies, including the complexity of therapeutic processes, the emerging nature of certain risks, and the possibility of long-term harmful effects, have challenged the adequacy of existing civil liability rules. This study aims to examine these challenges with respect to the three essential elements of civil liability: damage, wrongful act, and causation. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, the study analyzes the challenges arising from biotechnology-based medical treatments by applying scientific findings in biotechnology to the governing principles of civil liability. The findings indicate that, regarding the element of damage, issues such as delayed manifestation of harm, the potential transmission of adverse effects to future generations, and the difficulty of assessing certain genetic injuries complicate the application of existing legal rules, thereby necessitating a broader interpretation of legally compensable damage. With respect to the wrongful act, the complexity of biotechnological procedures and the involvement of multiple actors make the identification of wrongful conduct more difficult, requiring a reinterpretation of liability standards consistent with these technologies. Furthermore, regarding causation, the involvement of multiple contributing factors and the delayed emergence of certain injuries make proof of causal connection particularly challenging. Accordingly, adopting appropriate approaches for establishing causation, together with a contemporary interpretation of civil liability rules, can provide more effective protection for injured parties and enable the legal system to respond more adequately to developments in biotechnology.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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